نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مطالعات منطقه ای دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد تمام دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

خروج نیروهای زمینی آمریکا از منطقه غرب آسیا و شمال آفریقا و هم‌زمانی آن با حضور پررنگ‌تر متحدین غربی آمریکا و تجهیز بیشتر متحدین منطقه‌ای آن، نشان از تغییر رویکرد غرب آسیا و شمال آفریقا آمریکا و به‌تبع راهبرد چرخش به شرق این کشور داشت. بنا بر نظر نگارندگان، این راهبرد جدید، راهبرد آمریکا نسبت به بحران‌ها و تحولات غرب آسیا و شمال آفریقا را تغییر داده است گروه تروریستی داعش، نمونه اخیر این بحران‌ها است. لذا سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که سیاست و راهبرد جدید آمریکا نسبت به غرب آسیا و شمال آفریقا چیست؟ و این راهبرد در مبارزه با گروه‌های تروریستی و به خصوص داعش، چگونه خواهد بود؟ این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش تحلیلی- توصیفی و با استفاده از نظریه توازن قوای فراساحل نتیجه می‌گیرد که مواردی از قبیل عدم حضور نیروهای زمینی، انتقال بار هزینه‌ها بر دوش سایر متحدین و احاله مسئولیت، چندجانبه‌گرایی و ... از جمله عناصر اصلی راهبرد جدید آمریکا است که به ‌تبع آن، استفاده از نیروهای محلی، متحدین منطقه‌ای، راهبرد رد پای کمرنگ و ائتلاف‌هایی چون ائتلاف هوایی علیه داعش، تجهیز و آموزش نیروها، استفاده از نیروی دریایی و نیروهای ویژه و استفاده از پهبادها و موشک‌ها و... انتخاب‌های اول آمریکا خواهند بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

US Strategies in Confrontation with the Current Crises of the Middle East: Case study of ISIS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Taha Akrami 1
  • seyed dabud aghaee 2

1 university of tehran

2 university of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Leaving the Middle East by US ground troops and its concurrency with bolder presence of US western allies and more equipping of its regional allies, indicated a change in the approach of US toward the Middle East as a result of Pivot to Asia strategy. Therefore, this paper raises its main research question that “what is the new policy and strategy of US toward the Middle East? And how this strategy would be for fighting with terrorist groups with focus on ISIS?” The current study has applied a descriptive analysis method and has investigated US strategy towards the Middle East by using the theory of “Offshore Balancing Strategy”. It is concluded that some factors such as the absence of ground troops, transference of costs to other allies and delegation of duty, multilateralism and … are regarded as the main elements of new strategy of US. As a result, using local forces, regional allies, light footprint strategy and some cooperation  like  aerial cooperation against ISIS, equipping and instructing the troops, using  navy and specific forces and utilizing the drones and  rockets and… will be from the first priorities and choices of US.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Offshore Balancing Strategy
  • The Middle East
  • ISIS
  • Light Footprint Strategy
  • Pivot to Asia
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