Document Type : Research Paper
Author
PhD.Candidate, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan
Abstract
Since 1945, western countries and specially the United States have tried to secure their international interests by establishing international economic institutions, regional security organizations and dissemination of liberal political norms, Known as international liberal order. But in recent years this order has been challenged by some newly emerged powers such as China. Inabilities in administration of some international affairs such as international order, global economy and terrorism have weakened west position more. This fact has risen an important question: what would be the future of international liberal order and whether we should expect emerge of a new international order as a replacement for liberal order in the future? With the aim of investigating statues of liberal international order in current situation and in the shadow of newly international emerged powers such as China, the article have put two questions forward: what is the view point of China to the current international liberal order and how the county efforts in regional institutional building specially in Central Asia could be analyzed? The finding of the research reveals that Chain is just interested to revise the current order and the country institution building effort is a part of its plan for this revision.
Keywords
الف- فارسی
- آرت شولت، یان، (1382)، نگاهی موشکافانه بر پدیده جهانی شدن، ترجمه مسعود کرباسیان، چاپ اول، تهران: شرکت انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
- سوئیزی، پل، سمیر، امین، مکداف، هری، جیووانی، اریکس، (1383)، جهانی شدن با کدام هدف، ترجمه ناصر زرافشان، چاپ اول، تهران: انتشارات آگه.
- شریعتی‌نیا، محسن، (1395)، «کمربند اقتصادی جاده ابریشم: زنجیره ارزش چین محور»، فصلنامه روابط خارجی، سال 8، شماره سوم.
- موسوی شفائی، مسعود، (1394)، «نسل پنجم رهبران چین، و ابتکار کمربند اقتصادی جاده ابریشم»، فصلنامهپژوهش‌هاىروابطبین‌الملل، دوره نخست، شماره هفدهم.
- مصلی نژاد، عباس، (1393)، نهادگرایی و جهانی شدن، چاپ اول، تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
- هلد، دیوید، مک گرو، (1382)، جهانی شدن و مخالفان آن، ترجمه مسعود کرباسیان، چاپ اول، تهران: شرکت انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
ب- انگلیسی
- Breslin, Shaun, (2013), “China and the Global Order: Signaling Threat or Friendship?”, International Affairs,Vol. 89, No. 3.
- Breslin, S, (2018), “Global Reordering and China’s Rise: Adoption, Adaptation and Reform”, The International Spectator, Vol. 53, No. 1.
- Callahan, A.William, (2007), “Tianxia, Empire and the World: Soft Power and China’s Foreign Policy Discourse in the 21 Century”, British Inter-University China Centre (BICC), BICC Working Paper Series, No, 1.
- Congressional Research Service, (2017), “Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), No.7-5701.
- Chhibber, Ajay, (2017), “China’s One Belt One Road Strategy: The New Financial Institutions and India’s Options”, Institute for International Economic Policy, New Delhi, India.
- Cha, C. Hoon, (2017), “China's Search for Ideological Values in World Politics: Chinese Adaptation to Liberal Order Drawn from Political Reports of the Chinese Communist Party Congress since 1977”, Pacific Focus, Vol. 32, No. 3.
- Callahan, A.William, (2016), “Chinas Asia dream: The Belt Road Initiative and the New Regional Order”, Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, Vol. 1, No. 3.
- Dai, Xinyuan, Renn, Duu, (2016), “China and International Order: The Limits of Integration”, Journal of China Politics SCI, Vol, 21.
- Dempsey. Judy, (2017), “Judy Asks: Is the Crisis of the Liberal Order Exaggerated?” avaluable at:http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/68041, upload on: February 18, 2017. Acceced on: 2017-11-01.
- De Graaff, Nana, Van Apeldoorn, Bastiaana, (2018), “US–China Relations and the Liberal World Order: Contending Elites, Colliding Visions?”, International Affairs, Vol. 94, No. 1.
- Eisemann, J., Heginbotham, E., & Mitchell, D, (2007), “China and the Developing World: Beijing's Strategy for the Twenty-first Century”, New York, ME Sharpe Publisher.
- Farrell, Thomas, (2015), “The Rise of China and the Future of the International Political System”, M.A thesis, College of the Holy Cross.
- Fingar, Thomas, (2012), “China’s Vision of World Order”, in Strategic Asia, Vol. 13.
- Grieger, Gisela, (2017), “One Belt, One Road (OBOR): China's Regional Integration Initiative”, European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS), Briefing Paper.
- Godehardt, Ndine, (2016), “No End of History, a Chinese Alternative Concept of International order?” German Institute for International and Security Affairs”, Berlin, Germny.
- Ghiasy, Richard, Zhou, Jiayi, (2017), “The Silk Road Economic Belt: Considering Security Implications and EU–China Cooperation Prospects”, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Solna, Sweden.
- Hongjian, Cui, (2016), “The Belt and Road Initiative and Its Impact on Asia-Europe Connectivity”, Available at: http:// www. ciis.org.cn/ english/2016-07/21/content_8911184, upload on: Jul 21, 2016. Acceced on: 2017-10-30.
- Ikenberry, G. John, (2018), “Why the Liberal World Order Will Survive”, Ethics & International Affairs, Vol. 32, No. 1.
- Ikenberry, G. John, Lim. J. Darren, (2017), “China’s Emerging Institutional Statecraft: The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Prospects for Counter-hegemony”, Project on International Order and Strategy, Brooking Institute, Washington, D.C.
- Ikenberry, G, John, (2011), “The Future of the Liberal World order, Internationalism after America”, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 90, No. 3, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23039408.
- Ikenberry, G. John, (2010), “The Liberal International Order and its Discontents”, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol. 38, No. 3.
- Kaczmarski, Marcin, (2016), “Silk Globalization, China Vision of International Order”, Center for Eastern Studies, Point of View, No. 60.
- Kupchan, A, Charles, (2014), “Reordering Order: Global Change and the Need for a New Normative Consensus”, Transatlantic Academy.
- Kundnani, Hans, (2017), “What is the Liberal International order”, The German Marshall Fund of the United States (GMF), Policy Essay, No. 17.
- Kohli, Harinder, (2018), “Looking at China’s Belt and Road Initiative from the Central Asian Perspective”, Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Vol. 3, No. 1-3.
- -Krukowska, Monika, (2016), “China's' One Belt, One Road'Strategy and Its Implications for the Global World Order”, International Business and Global Economy, Vol. 35/1.
- KraneShares, (2017), “The one Belt one Road Initiative: A New Paradigm in Global Investing”, an Overview of the KraneShares MSCI one Belt one Road ETF, Krane Funds Advisors.
- Linn, Johannes, (2012), “Central Asian Regional Integration and Cooperation: Reality or Mirage?” EDB Eurasian Integration Yearbook, Eurasian Development Bank.
- Malik, Alina, (2017), “The New World Order: Where China, Not the US, Will Govern!”, avaliable at: https://www.globalvillagespace.com/new-world-order-china-not-us-govern/, upload on: May 23, 2017, Acceced on: 2017-11-02.
- Mazzar, J, Michael, Priebe, Miranda, Radin, Andrew, Cevallos, Astrid Stuth, (2016), “Understanding Current International Liberal order”, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California.
- Meyer, K. Patrik, (2016), “China is Eager to Show the World that it Can be a Responsible and Accountable Global Leader”, http:// nationalinterest. org/feature/why-china-thinks-it-can-build-utopian-world-order-18486, upload on: November 23, 2016. Acceced on: 2017-10-29.
- Mariani, Bernrdo, (2013), “Chaines Role and Interests in Central Asia”, Safer World Institution, London, UK.
- Mazarr. J. Michael. Heath. R. Timothy. Cevallos, Astrid Stuth, (2018), “China and the International Order”, RAND Corporation.
- Muratshina, Ksenia, (2017), “Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and Post-Soviet Central Asia: New Multilateral Bank Formation in the Context of China’s Economic Interaction with Post-Soviet Central Asian Countries”, Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, Vol, 3.
- Nordin, A. H.Astrid, Weissmann, Mikael. (2018), “Will Trump make China great again? The belt and road initiative and international order”, International Affairs, Vol. 94, No. 2.
- Nye Jr, Jos. S, (2017), “Will the Liberal order Survive: The History of an Idea”, Foreign Affair, Vol. 96, No.10.
- Naarajarvi, Teemu, (2017), “Constricting the Role of a Great Power: China’s Peripheral Relation, Territorial Dispute and Role Change, 2002 - 2012”, M.A Thesis, Department of World Culture, University of Helsinki.
- Papova, Anna, (2014), “The Main Weakness if Liberalism in the Context of Global Transformation”, European Political and Law Studies, Vol, 1, No. 5.
- - Pantucci, Raffaello, (2016), “Chinas Development Lenders Embrace Multilateral Cooperation”, available at:http:// chinaincentralasia. com/2016/11/04/chinas-development-lenders-embrace-multilateral-co-operation/, upload on: November 4, 2016, Acceced on: 2017-11-05.
- Reich, Simon, (1998), “What is the Globalization? Four Possible answer”, The Helen Kelloog Institution for International Studies, Working Paper, No, 261.
- Reeves, Jeffrey. (2018), “China’s Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative: Network and Influence Formation in Central Asia”, Journal of Contemporary China.
- Sternberg, Troy, Ahearn, Ariell, Mcconnell, Fiona, (20117), “Central Asian ‘Characteristics’ on China’s New Silk Road: The Role of Landscape and the Politics of Infrastructure”, Land, Vol, 6, No, 55.
- Shen, Simon, Chan, Wilson, (2018), “A Comparative Study of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Marshall Plan”, Palgrave Communications, Vol. 4, No. 32.
- Weiss, A, Martin, (2017), “Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)”, Congressional Research Service, No, 7-5700.
- Wang, Zheng, (2015), “China’s Institution Building Leading the Way to Asian Integration”, Georgetown Journal of Asian Affairs, No, 12.
- Xi Calls for Global Vision in China’s National Security Work, (2017), available at: http:// www. china. org. cn/ video/ 2017-02/18/ content_ 40313020.htm, Upload on: February 18, 2017. Acceced on: 2017-11-07.
- Xiang, Lanxin, (2014), “China and the International Liberal (Western) Order”, Liberal Order in a Post-Western World Series”, Transatlantic Academy.
- Xiao, R, (2013), “The Rise of a Liberal China?”, Journal of Global Policy and Governance, Vol. 2, No. 1.
- Yamaguchi, Shinji, (2017), “The Continuity and Changes in China’s Perception of the International Order”, NIDS Journal of Defense and Security, Vol, 17.
- Yaqing, Qin, (2012), “Culture and Global Thought: Chinese International Theory in the Making”, Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internationals, No, 100.
- Zhao, Tingyang, (2006), “Rethinking Empire from a Chinese Concept ‘All-under-Heaven’(Tian-xia,)”, Social Identities, Vol, 12, No.1.
- Zhang, Qingmin, (2015), “China’s Relations with Developing Countries: Patterns, Principles, Characteristics, and Future Challenges”, in Handbook on China and Developing Countries, Edited by Carla P. Freeman. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
- www.aiib.org.
)