Hossein Pourahmadi Meybodi; Mohammad Soltanpour
Abstract
The Iranian revolution caused an offensive approach in the American foreign policy towards Iran, and US Offensive foreign policy has taken a different form with the change of each of the presidents. Based on the critical role of the presidency in US foreign policy and the fact that the study of lives ...
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The Iranian revolution caused an offensive approach in the American foreign policy towards Iran, and US Offensive foreign policy has taken a different form with the change of each of the presidents. Based on the critical role of the presidency in US foreign policy and the fact that the study of lives and personalities of presidents has been a significant part of the study of political psychology. The study seeks to find the psychological effects of the life of George W. Bush and his personality on the macro approach of US foreign policy, specifically to Iran. The theoretical framework in this study is the "activator, ideas and results" model of Albert Ellis, an American psychologist. This approach examines the psychological state by examining the role of events and how they are interpreted by individuals. In fact, the data used is data from Bush's biographies, which are examined in a historical and longitudinal way. In the following, Bush's psychological cycle is described and explained by determining the examples of "activator", "ideas" and "results", and his personality traits such as excitement, impulsive behaviors and extraversion are extracted. The results show the decisive influence of Bush's personality traits on his administration's macro-foreign policy approach and important decisions such as the invasion of Iraq, as well as placing Iran at the center of evil and the nuclear issue.
ALi Sabbaghian; Masoud Fathipour
Abstract
The United States is one of the countries with a strong emphasis on foreign aid strategy in foreign policy. This strategy has continued with ups and downs since World War II and has spanned many countries. A review of US aid to Pakistan shows that the country has experienced many ups and downs in the ...
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The United States is one of the countries with a strong emphasis on foreign aid strategy in foreign policy. This strategy has continued with ups and downs since World War II and has spanned many countries. A review of US aid to Pakistan shows that the country has experienced many ups and downs in the past decades based on geopolitical relations and necessities. This article seeks to answer the question of "what are the motives and goals of the United States in providing foreign assistance in the field of international relations, and specifically in Pakistan?" Based on this hypothesis, the paper examines that the United States pursues several goals in providing foreign aid that are intended to stabilize American hegemony. The research findings show that foreign aid is being used as a realistic lever to increase US power and influence, helping to establish US hegemony. As for Pakistan, although reducing its aid does not seem to stop Pakistan from pursuing its high-risk policies in support of terrorist groups, the US approach is pushing to avoid this policy.
