Abstract
Historical facts show that national identity is a constant process and should be noted here that when a nation is formed, it does not continue by itself and the notion that it does not require any effort is wrong. On the contrary, the nation are exposed to ups and downs. Thus, discourse-based products ...
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Historical facts show that national identity is a constant process and should be noted here that when a nation is formed, it does not continue by itself and the notion that it does not require any effort is wrong. On the contrary, the nation are exposed to ups and downs. Thus, discourse-based products of a country's currents can affect nation-building processes. Identity as social foundations emerge in the process of social foundationalism with reliance on collective memory and all epistemological sources, taking into account that social objective structure redefines and re-interprets with the passage of time. They are constantly used for reinterpretation in light of different methods used to explain the concept.
The leftist flow or what the researcher names it socialism Marxism, is selected as one of the influential flows in contemporary Iranian history for the following research. This paper, while comprehending the evolution of national identity in the course of history, has come to a pattern of identity discourse in the mentioned flow.
aliasghar pourezat; ahmad sayah; elham hosaini
Abstract
The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, as a government media, is considered to be the country's largest media, which plays a key role in political events, such as elections. This research is aimed at analyzing the process of news policy of IRIB during the election to the Islamic Consultative Assembly ...
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The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, as a government media, is considered to be the country's largest media, which plays a key role in political events, such as elections. This research is aimed at analyzing the process of news policy of IRIB during the election to the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran. The research, through interviewing the experts, aggregates the data and analyzes these data through the theme analysis. The results of this research are presented as themes. Themes that can be used to prioritize the input of news stories in this media, the categorization of news feeders, the prioritization of long-term, medium-term, and short-term news lines. They will help improve the level of fair treatment during the elections in this media. The proper application of these themes, especially when revising the news headlines, is worth considering for the upcoming elections.
hasan khodadi
Abstract
Some believe that in the years after the Islamic Revolution, their preservation and self-respect in foreign policy have been superior to national interests, and national interests have often been neglected. But it should be said that this amount of attention and dignity can be derived from the "decent ...
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Some believe that in the years after the Islamic Revolution, their preservation and self-respect in foreign policy have been superior to national interests, and national interests have often been neglected. But it should be said that this amount of attention and dignity can be derived from the "decent dignitaries" of Iranians. In fact, this is not necessarily after the Islamic Revolution, but for centuries, has been implicated in Iran's engagement with the outside world, which can be called the Safavits era as one of the first manifestations of the experience of a strategic culture of domination in contemporary Iran's foreign policy. Therefore, the present article, using the analytical concept of "dignity" and with a historical and descriptive analytical approach, seeks to prove that other concepts, other than the acquisition of power and security, such as "dignity," have the ability to explain Iranian foreign policy during the Safavits period And, in the end, the main question of the current research is whether other concepts, other than the acquisition of "power" and "security", such as "pride", along with the three components of "self-imposed restriction in conflict", the "priority of identity" and "dignity" have the capability for the explanation of Iran's foreign policy during the Safavits era?
mohammad ABOLFATHI
Abstract
In the last two decades the concept of social capital and good governance has become one of the main topics of research in political science. The present study is concerned with explaining good governance and the obstacles facing it in terms of social capital. In line with this concern, and based on ...
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In the last two decades the concept of social capital and good governance has become one of the main topics of research in political science. The present study is concerned with explaining good governance and the obstacles facing it in terms of social capital. In line with this concern, and based on the claim of the study, the research question can be stated as follows: What is the relationship between social capital and good governance in Iran? Hypothesis with the question is consistent that the realization of good governance depends on the weakness or strength of social capital in Iran. This research, in terms of purpose, is foundational and of the methodology, is descriptive-analysis. Social capital is independent variable and the dependent variable is obstacles to good governance in Iran. The findings suggest the relationship between the failure to achieve good governance and the decline of social capital at the macro level and there are barriers to good governance in Iran. In addition, research shows that barriers in the form of a vicious cycle reproduces one another over the years, and this vicious cycle itself is the biggest obstacle to good governance in Iran.
Hojjat Kazemi
Abstract
The proliferation of political Structure and the activation of social cleavages led Iran to an exacerbating process of electoral competition in the past two decades. Despite the positive functions of elections in Iran, the dark sides of this process are less known. Elections in Iran has led to an increase ...
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The proliferation of political Structure and the activation of social cleavages led Iran to an exacerbating process of electoral competition in the past two decades. Despite the positive functions of elections in Iran, the dark sides of this process are less known. Elections in Iran has led to an increase in the internal conflicts of political system, created very severe discontinuities in the policy- making process, paved the way for activating and intensifying social cleavages (especially ethnic and religious cleavages), and formed a kind of Sponsorship-based policy making and intensify the economic corruption of politicians. One of the main negative consequences of this process is delegitimizing the electoral process. The role of delegitimizing has been linked to the anti-developmental role of elections in Iran. From the viewpoint of the pathology of democratic processes and the effort to improve the quality of electoral mechanisms, it is important to understand such dimensions. “Completion of the institutional chain of electoral politics” is a proposed framework for reforming these processes.
jalal dorakhshah; Eshagh Soltani
Abstract
In this essay, I have tried to make a comparative comparison of Shahid Motahari's and Isaiah Berlin's views on freedom with an analytical approach and by adopting a modified McCalm's definition of freedom as a theoretical framework and looked at how these concepts were constructed differently. Accordingly, ...
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In this essay, I have tried to make a comparative comparison of Shahid Motahari's and Isaiah Berlin's views on freedom with an analytical approach and by adopting a modified McCalm's definition of freedom as a theoretical framework and looked at how these concepts were constructed differently. Accordingly, under the component of "human actor", he compares the anthropological issues of two thinkers; The aims and ends of each of these two thinkers of freedom were compared. In Berlin's view, since man is an indeterminate being and must determine himself; freedom is not an instrumental value and is itself an end. Freedom is the most important value because it is used to realize its incomplete, incomplete and indeterminate aspects at will. But in Martyr Motahari's view, since man is a natural being who has a definite nature and therefore has definite ends, freedom is validated so that one can step in the path of his / her development. That is, freedom is a means by which one can only attain his or her ultimate goals.
Mohamad Radmard; Adel Faryabi; Ali Azarimoghadam
Abstract
The Islamic revolution of Iran as a social revolution was a unique event. During this event, the Pahlavi dynasty collapsed after 53 years of ruling Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the reasons for the decline and collapse of this dynasty through different aspects. According to the limitations, ...
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The Islamic revolution of Iran as a social revolution was a unique event. During this event, the Pahlavi dynasty collapsed after 53 years of ruling Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the reasons for the decline and collapse of this dynasty through different aspects. According to the limitations, the researchers examined this issue from the viewpoint of the concept of patronage. Thus, the question in this study was that what effect the corruption had on the collapse and decline of the Pahlavi government. In this study, the researchers mentioned that patronage is one of the most important factors that led to popular protests against the government and led the Pahlavi regime to collapse. This paper uses the causal mechanism method (process tracking). The data was collected by the library research method. The focus of this research was on time and space constraints of Iran in the 1340s and 1350s.
Ghasem Misaee; Heshmatollah Falahatpishe; Faez Dinparast
Volume 4, Issue 15 , March 2016, , Pages 37-68
Abstract
Present research is about examining the attitudes about globalization in the 3rd, 4th and 5th development programs. The main question of the research is: what is the relationship between globalization and development in Islamic Republic of Iran development programs? The mentioned question has been followed ...
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Present research is about examining the attitudes about globalization in the 3rd, 4th and 5th development programs. The main question of the research is: what is the relationship between globalization and development in Islamic Republic of Iran development programs? The mentioned question has been followed in the format of four sub-main questions: A) what is the attitude of the development programs toward globalization? ; B) How the different aspects of globalization have been issued in the development programs? C) What are the differences and similarities of development programs (from the point of view of globalization and development)? D) In what articles the negative aspects of globalization are being mentioned? The hypothesis is: “In development programs, the globalization has been considered both as an opportunity and threat, but the opportunities has been highlighted more that can be used for development of the country.” The methodology of the research is content analysis and the statistical society of research is the 3rd, 4th, and 5th development programs. The result of the research is developed according to the comparative study and acceptance of the hypothesis.
hosein salimi; seyyed amin hejazi
Abstract
Political elites of different strategic cultures, in similar situations in the international arena, practice different foreign policy behavior. In fact, different norms in the strategic culture of governments cause different perceptions of similar realities. Accordingly, the norms that shape the strategic ...
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Political elites of different strategic cultures, in similar situations in the international arena, practice different foreign policy behavior. In fact, different norms in the strategic culture of governments cause different perceptions of similar realities. Accordingly, the norms that shape the strategic culture of the Iranian political elite influence the foreign policy behavior of the country. The question, however, is how the foreign policy behavior of the Islamic Republic of Iran is affected by strategic culture. The main question of this article is how has the political culture of the political elite influenced the foreign policy of Iran? The researchers hypothesize that the specific norms of the political elite's strategic culture have shaped the national role of the mission-oriented state for the IR, and accordingly, have followed the behavioral indices of independence, transnationalism and revisionism in Iranian foreign policy. The theoretical framework of this paper is a combination of constructivism theory and strategic culture approach and has used qualitative deductive content analysis to understand the strategic culture of the IRI political elite.
Gholam Reza Khaje sarvi; Hassan Zarei Mhamood Abadi
Volume 3, Issue 9 , February 2015, , Pages 27-63
Abstract
From the very beginning, The Republic Islamic of Iran was looking for reorganizingthe society and “the well-living” in order to build a society based onjustice and virtues. It that matter, the main policy is organizing the socialaffairs. Policy, government and the way of organizing the society ...
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From the very beginning, The Republic Islamic of Iran was looking for reorganizingthe society and “the well-living” in order to build a society based onjustice and virtues. It that matter, the main policy is organizing the socialaffairs. Policy, government and the way of organizing the society are highlyinfluenced by the political culture of the people and the government. In order toreach virtual and human purposes, any successful organization of the society,needs recognition of the desirable political culture which comes from its mainroots. In this article, it is claimed that, according to the order of Imam Ali(peace be upon him) to Malik Ashtar, leaders presence and their hard work for“public interests” are among the most important criteria of appropriatepolitical culture at the level of leadership.
Ali Bagheri Dolatabadi; Jamshid Kholghi; Abd-o-Reza Fathi Mozafari
Volume 2, Issue 4 , April 2013, , Pages 27-55
Abstract
From the beginning of Arab spring in the region and along with political developments in Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan, Syria has experienced interior unrests. Unlike Egypt, Libya, and Yemen which undergone a rapid regime change, Syria is witnessing an interior war between the ...
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From the beginning of Arab spring in the region and along with political developments in Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan, Syria has experienced interior unrests. Unlike Egypt, Libya, and Yemen which undergone a rapid regime change, Syria is witnessing an interior war between the army and oppositions groups. As a result, thousands of people have leaved their home, and an inordinate number of civilians were killed. This war also leads to the destruction of the country infrastructures. This study was mainly concerned with exploring what underlying reasons sparked the unrests in Syria. It also endeavors, reviewing the course of events, to predict what will happen in Syria after when “Bashar Asad” is ousted from power. The research hypothesis is that racialism and one-party structure, along with crises like unemployment, class cleavages,widespread corruption, and the Syrian’s dissatisfaction gave rise to participation and legitimacy crisis. This study employed historical sociology approach and a qualitative method in examine the factors involved in the Syrian crisis. This study argues that while there is nohope that “Bashar Asad” will continue his ruling, there is little hope that democracy will emerge.
Ebrahim Barzegar
Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2013, , Pages 29-44
Abstract
Ibn -e- Teimyeh, a Sunni political thought and influential thinker, has a lot of Books and essays. The reflection of His thoughts is even perceived as modern and contemporary era. This paper tries to focus on the direct path metaphor to describe his political views and religious beliefs. The Author has ...
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Ibn -e- Teimyeh, a Sunni political thought and influential thinker, has a lot of Books and essays. The reflection of His thoughts is even perceived as modern and contemporary era. This paper tries to focus on the direct path metaphor to describe his political views and religious beliefs. The Author has chosen some key words and central ideas of Ibn -e- Teimyeh’s books as the theoretical core. The Theoretical Construct of direct path is divided into two parts, theoretical guidance and inner guidance. And then focuses on the admittance .It deals with writing against its critics.
Fahimeh Eshrati khalil Abad; seyyed asghar Keyvanhisseini
Volume 3, Issue 8 , December 2014, , Pages 31-59
Abstract
Abstract In the turbulent relations between U.S and Iran, America’s sanction-based approach against Iran is considerable. These sanctions enjoy a three decade history (from Carterera) and had fluctuation in different periods. In other worlds, the pattern of that policyhas changes in three ...
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Abstract In the turbulent relations between U.S and Iran, America’s sanction-based approach against Iran is considerable. These sanctions enjoy a three decade history (from Carterera) and had fluctuation in different periods. In other worlds, the pattern of that policyhas changes in three periods: the cold war era, post-cold war era, and the aftermath of September11. This paper (according to the constructivism approach) proposed a new explanation for U.S sanction policy against Iran and the main hypothesis is that the policy in the past eras was progressive and too realistic but shows gradual improvements in its elements of constructivism.
Habib allah Fazeli
Volume 3, Issue 10 , February 2015, , Pages 31-52
Abstract
Abstract The formation of the Ismaili movement is rooted in the political-religious disputes of first two centuries of the Islamic history over the succession issues. The Ismail’s Fatimid could create big government in the form of an empire and for the first time have challenged Baghdad state (Caliphate). ...
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Abstract The formation of the Ismaili movement is rooted in the political-religious disputes of first two centuries of the Islamic history over the succession issues. The Ismail’s Fatimid could create big government in the form of an empire and for the first time have challenged Baghdad state (Caliphate). Nizaris or Eastern Ismaili gradually declared independence in Iran and founded the state of Alamut. The Shia Nizari state claims against Caliphate and brought many cultural changes such strengthening Farsi language and promotion of the Iranian patterns instead of Arabic and Caliphate patterns. In this paper the connection between Nizari state and the Iranian identity has been examined. It is argued that that Nizaris chose Iranian pattern of life and as a defense strategy it was important. Intermixture with Sufism (mysticism) is other political strategies that Ismail’s elites exercised after the fall of Alamut state.
Seyd Ebrahim Sarparast Sadat
Volume 3, Issue 11 , April 2015, , Pages 31-56
Abstract
Tradition has an undeniable entity in Iranian intellectual thinking. Authority and controversiality of the tradition is not necessarily due to its nature but it is caused by significant and influential position in societies possessing civilized and ancient history and rich thoughts. Although intellectuality ...
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Tradition has an undeniable entity in Iranian intellectual thinking. Authority and controversiality of the tradition is not necessarily due to its nature but it is caused by significant and influential position in societies possessing civilized and ancient history and rich thoughts. Although intellectuality requires Iranian intellectuals critically scrutinize and contemplate on tradition as one of the most influential factors of Iranian identity, politics and power and provide a situation for its proliferation but in practice it did not happen. Meanwhile, recognizing the evolution of the approaches toward tradition through investigating the ideas of Iranian intellectuals strengthens this hypothesis that amid the tradition-authority contest tradition has been source of self-awareness of Iranian intellectuality, self-awareness that inspired and caused Islamic Revolution of Iran and its continuity.
Mohammad bagher Khoramshad; Eshagh Sayyad Roudkar
Abstract
The New political Systems seek mobilization and Maximizing political participation of their citizens. This process can strengthening the relationship between the political system and the people in order to facilitate the continuation of the political system, through obtaining political legitimacy of ...
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The New political Systems seek mobilization and Maximizing political participation of their citizens. This process can strengthening the relationship between the political system and the people in order to facilitate the continuation of the political system, through obtaining political legitimacy of government. It is clear that in the Islamic political system the doctrine of “Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil " Plays a major role in political development, The Holy Quran, and Hadith Texts, and Article VIII of the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, are sources for this doctrine. Three spheres of People-people (Parallel)) People-rulers (Opposite Ascending) and Rulers – people (Opposite Descending) in these teachings are what distinguishes the religious democracy from liberal democracies. This paper tries to develop this hypothesis that the realm of people – rulers is forgotten in enforcing teachings or Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil. Therefore, this paper relying on interpretive method and with taking advantage of the use of theory of religious democracy concludes that the revival of the third realm needs to log in the political culture of the Muslim community among people, intellectuals, and Political elites.
Iranian Domestic Policy
Mohammadnabi Aghataghi; Ahmad Bakshaish Ardestani; Sosan Safaverdi
Abstract
Introduction In the field of marketing, the most desirable scenario involves the company maintaining an optimal level of market share with an increasing trend over time, as well as preventing any decline or reduction in the market share. Concerning political marketing and elections, there is even more ...
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Introduction In the field of marketing, the most desirable scenario involves the company maintaining an optimal level of market share with an increasing trend over time, as well as preventing any decline or reduction in the market share. Concerning political marketing and elections, there is even more necessary to have such a favorable scenario. Based on the significance of customer retention, this approach maintains that a party can win if it secures the largest market share while minimizing customer attrition. It seems to be an essential approach given the nature of political marketing characterized by the intense competition among political parties, the unavoidable impact of social media, the uncertainty about fulfilling campaign promises, and the risky nature of political transactions (cash vs. credit imbalance) —all of which can contribute to the vulnerability of political marketing, hence a declining trend in the voter turnout. Relationship marketing, as a modern marketing technique, can help political activists to mitigate these challenges, offering effective solutions to minimize campaign costs and increase the likelihood of success in elections. Political relationship marketing has been the subject of inquiry in several studies (e.g., Afjeh’i & Khademi-Garashi, 2016; Talari & Mousavi-Shafaei, 2015). Rizan et al. (2014) delved into the impact of relationship marketing on customer loyalty.A declining trend in the number of electoral votes is one of the challenges faced by political parties in Iran. The issue appears to be rooted in their marketing strategies. In fact, political marketing strategies can potentially present a persuasively alluring image of the candidate’s integrity and virtue while covering up their flaws. Consequently, the politician who has been getting promoted is often perceived as an ideal figure. In most cases, voters may not understand the techniques used in campaigns, succumbing to the persuasive tactics employed by the candidate and thus increasing the likelihood of making a mistake in their choice and experiencing early regret. In fact, insufficient knowledge about the candidate or party contributes to such mistakes on the part of voters. Moreover, the inability to retain voters, driven by factors such as a loss of trust and unfulfilled promises, can result in costly and sometimes irreparable damages to political parties. Considering the drawbacks of short-term marketing in the political arena for those involved and the political parties’ desire for sustained power, relationship marketing seems to be a suitable approach to address the shortcomings without compromising market share, fulfill political parties’ electoral aspirations (e.g., frequent wins), and to ensure that voters get to know candidates and political parties adequately and accurately. In this line, the present research investigates the influential factors in political relationship marketing, addressing the following questions: Can relationship marketing help overcome the challenges in political elections? And what factors are influential in establishing and maintaining the relationship?Materials and MethodsThere are numerous factors behind party wins in the electoral market. However, according to the theoretical framework of this research, establishing and maintaining a robust relationship between parties and voters, leading to voter loyalty, plays a pivotal role in the electoral success of political parties. Relying on a multi-stage conceptual model, the present study aimed to investigate the connection between relationship marketing and the success of parties in the political market and electoral contests. The study is located within the intersection of political science and marketing management. As an applied research involving field work, it adopted a descriptive–survey, correlation-based approach to investigate the research questions. First, the analysis focused on the effect of relationship marketing variables (i.e., commitment, fulfillment of promises, communication, competence, and trust) on satisfaction. The second step involved examination of the effect of satisfaction on voter loyalty. Finally, the research explored the correlation between loyalty, recommendations to others, and revoting, as influential factors contributing to the success of political parties. In the data analysis, the Pearson coefficient and the correlation coefficient were used to understand the relationships between the research variables.Results and Discussion The research findings indicated a significantly direct correlation between relationship marketing principles and voter satisfaction. The results of regression analysis demonstrated that these principles can predict satisfaction. There was also a significant relationship between satisfaction and loyalty, as well as between loyalty and both revoting and recommendation to others. Finally, a significant relationship was observed between success and revoting and recommendation to others.ConclusionThe research results confirm that the success of political parties hinges on both retaining existing voters and attracting new ones. This process involves distinct stages: generating satisfaction by applying relationship marketing principles, enhancing and transforming satisfaction into loyalty and fandom through the practical implementation of the principles, adopting fan-driven marketing as a result of the loyalty cultivated, and finally giving recommendations to others. The first and second stages are executed through strategic planning and initiatives of strategists, along with the genuine and reassuring conduct of candidates and party executive agents. The third and fourth stages, on the other hand, rely on the active participation of party loyalists and supporters. Furthermore, two practical methods can be employed to attract new voters: direct and indirect recruitment. In the direct recruitment, the party itself leverages relationship marketing principles to draw in a collective of voters. In contrast, the indirect recruitment is facilitated by party loyalists and supporters—mostly represented by previous voters—and their efforts to embark on fan-driven marketing and give recommendations to other voters.
Ghazaleh Taheri Attar
Volume 2, Issue 7 , December 2014, , Pages 34-67
Abstract
Throughout history, many nations are formed; nations with various specificationsthat relied on their favorable traits guided the next generation and formed the nextcommunities. Sometimes they were in the form of nations but suffer from the lack theorganization and without any collective wisdom and due ...
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Throughout history, many nations are formed; nations with various specificationsthat relied on their favorable traits guided the next generation and formed the nextcommunities. Sometimes they were in the form of nations but suffer from the lack theorganization and without any collective wisdom and due to mismanagement theywere doomed to extinction. So, the question is “what factors and requirements areneeded to shape a virtue nation and guarantee its survival?”In this paper, we aim to answer the above mentioned question. In this way we triedto analyze the articles and literature in nation-building and good governanceaccording to the grounded theory and content analysis to find out the factors andstrategies for maintaining and recognizing nation’s existence. Thus a modelconsists of three components was developed and designed. In order to evaluate,regulate and modify the designed pattern, by using Delphi method and alsoreferring to some elites in the field of research modeling, the model was presentedto 17 elites in two-round Delphi. In the second round of Delphi, the model wasapproved by elites so sustainable nation-building model was redesigned as a giftof nation-building in the light of good governance. This model consists of 3components: a) obligations of initiating nation- building (general and specificnational identity), b) strategies for continuing the processes for nation-building(social justice, effective government, citizenship, political socialization) and c)consequences of continuing existence of the nation and nation-building process(national integrity, public trust, permanent peace, balanced and sustainabledevelopment, national and international legitimacy).
Hassan Bashir; seyd Hamid Taheri
Volume 4, Issue 13 , October 2015, , Pages 35-63
Abstract
In this research, the contents of the Campaign teasers of the candidates of the 10th presidential election were reviewed and analyzed. For achieving this goal, the Practical Discourse Analysis Method (PDAM) was used. Research statistical society included all the eighth teasers broadcasted from Channel ...
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In this research, the contents of the Campaign teasers of the candidates of the 10th presidential election were reviewed and analyzed. For achieving this goal, the Practical Discourse Analysis Method (PDAM) was used. Research statistical society included all the eighth teasers broadcasted from Channel one of the national TV and the analysis index was also the main performers of candidates in their campaign teasers. The results had shown that candidates focused on specific issues in their teasers: Ahmadi Nejad on "justice basis” and “Service”, Mousavi on “incapability of Ahmadi Nejad “and “efficiency and political and cultural equality of himself”, Karoubi on “tendency to intelligence” and “inefficiency of the management system” and on Rezaie on “principals ability and programming “and “disability of Ahmadinejad government".
Ali Imani; Ali Asghar Ghasemi
Abstract
This paper explains the military service policy-making and the process of
nation-making in Iran based on the institutional approach. The author explains
how the issues of nation-making and military service entered the policy-making
calendar in Iran by application of cyclic process of policy-making. ...
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This paper explains the military service policy-making and the process of
nation-making in Iran based on the institutional approach. The author explains
how the issues of nation-making and military service entered the policy-making
calendar in Iran by application of cyclic process of policy-making. Finding show
that there is a collaborative relation between military service policy-making and
the process of nation-making in contemporary Iran. The system of analysis in
this research is theoretical institutional framework and the methodology is
descriptive. The time period of the analysis is early nineteenth century. Based on
the policy-making cycle, the policy issue of military service and its entrance to
the policy calendar is stated in the problem statement. Finally, after the
explanation and analysis of the collaboration of military service policies with
nation-making process in Iran, the way of collaboration and coordination
between the two main factors during the last two centuries in Iran have been
clarified.
Abstract
In this article, the less known aspect of Malek al Shoara Mohammad Taghi Bahar, contemporary great and famous Iranian poet, namely his political life in both theory and action, would be considered. His active membership and leadership in Democratic parties of constitutional era and 1940s decade parties, ...
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In this article, the less known aspect of Malek al Shoara Mohammad Taghi Bahar, contemporary great and famous Iranian poet, namely his political life in both theory and action, would be considered. His active membership and leadership in Democratic parties of constitutional era and 1940s decade parties, two lesser parties of Azadi (Freedom) belong to Ahmad Qavam (Qavam al Saltana) and Hassan Arsanjani, his representative as member of parliament in the third to sixth Iranian national assemblies, short long presence in the cabinet of Qavam as minister of culture, and other actions and activities in politics and political parties as well as his political and social thinking would be studied in the article. Although Bahar was an idealist poet, his political thought and activities were realistic and concentrated on realism and national interest. Political theory of Bahar and his focus on political realism and active support of national interest, in this analysis, has been deduced through his idea and articles in journals as well as his famous book named a brief history of political parties or decline of Qajar dynasty.
Faeghe Chalabi; Rajab Izadi; kamaladin Herisinejad
Abstract
Political parties in democratic systems are considered as intermediate institutions of democratic regimes by organizing political power, mobilizing popular forces and regulating the relating power. Political parties plays an important role in regulating the reciprocal relations of the ruling powers; ...
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Political parties in democratic systems are considered as intermediate institutions of democratic regimes by organizing political power, mobilizing popular forces and regulating the relating power. Political parties plays an important role in regulating the reciprocal relations of the ruling powers; the influence of parties in the interactions of the legislative and executive power has created a dramatic changes in the division of the classical powers of contemporary states. On the other hand, political circles sometimes talk about changing the political system of Iran to the parliamentary system or the legislature’s transforming into two parliamentary chambers; on the other hand, the interrelationships between the legislative and executive bodies are faced with deadlocks. One of the requirements for solving such challenges is the existence of parties in the political system; Therefore, this article examines the function of parties in regulating the relations of powers in the United Kingdom, United States and Iran as a parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential systems, seeks to identify the disadvantages and advantages of party systems in countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States as party success styles and to explain the challenges of interfering in the interactions of the Iranian state by eliminating the existing shortcomings.
Heshmatollah Falahat Pishe; Vahid Sharbati; Mohammad Mehdi Mozafari
Volume 4, Issue 12 , July 2015, , Pages 37-60
Abstract
With power succession of “ justice and development” party in Turkey in
2002 the foreign policy of this country in regional and far regional relations has
seriously changed. Before 2000 Turkeys foreign policy was far westernized and
the government policy-making was west, specially US, oriented. ...
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With power succession of “ justice and development” party in Turkey in
2002 the foreign policy of this country in regional and far regional relations has
seriously changed. Before 2000 Turkeys foreign policy was far westernized and
the government policy-making was west, specially US, oriented. But with rise of
justice and development government in Turkey, the country’s foreign policy
changed to a multidimensional pragmatic interest-based policy .one aspect of
this policy modified foreign policy toward collaboration with neighbors in order
to enhance Turkey’s role in the region including south Caucasus. This study
tries to evaluate Turkey foreign policy in Caucasus and its conflicting interests
with the two powerful countries of area – Iran and Russia. The main question of
this study is concentrated on the Turkey’s Caucasian Policy and its affects on
interests of Iran and Russia. The hypothesis of the paper is that new Turkey’s
foreign policy in the region brought contradiction between the country and two
abovementioned powerful neighbors.
rahele rohani; ali akbar amini; Malek Taj Khosravi
Abstract
Being Familiar with Naseri era, due to it’s concurrency with the emerge of new civilization in west also the transition period of Iran moving to modern era is of a great importance.
This article has been seeking the roots in the lack of forming the neccessary struchures for modernization and subsequent ...
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Being Familiar with Naseri era, due to it’s concurrency with the emerge of new civilization in west also the transition period of Iran moving to modern era is of a great importance.
This article has been seeking the roots in the lack of forming the neccessary struchures for modernization and subsequent human developments in Iranian society of the Haseriera.Recogniting the personality traits of NaserAl-Dinshah, due toth. Personalization of politics during that period it has helped to find the roots of the factors influencing the subject matter. Researcher whitphenomemology method has analyzed Naser AlDinshah’s character and it’s influence on his political behavior based on Abraham Maslow’s theory;and aswell analyzed the reflection ofking’s decisions on Iranian society based on Inglehart’s post-modernization theory,andthefactors influencinghuman underdevelopment in IranThe hypothesis of this research is that life environment of Qajar court were a barrier to NaserAl-Dinshah’s basic needsand coused his tyrant character to be shaped.The longterm reign of NaserAl-Dinshah led to his influence on all aspects of socity, so politics and government were fully influenced by the king’s personality traits in that period.The person who,due to various short comings and mistalcen decision, was an obstacle to modernization in the country,and as a result, he mode human development in Iranian culture in Naseri era concealed.
Abbas Naeimi; Shahnaz Kraimi; Ali Morshedizad
Volume 2, Issue 6 , September 2014, , Pages 39-60
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to understand and evaluate the article“Iran: Red and Black Colonialism” as the X factor in the process ofIslamic Revolution of Iran. The main question in this article is: How thisarticle has acted as the X factor in the Islamic revolution of Iran, andwhat ...
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The main purpose of this article is to understand and evaluate the article“Iran: Red and Black Colonialism” as the X factor in the process ofIslamic Revolution of Iran. The main question in this article is: How thisarticle has acted as the X factor in the Islamic revolution of Iran, andwhat characteristics it had? The theoretical framework of this article isderived from Chalmers Johnson. The findings of this article show that thepaper played the role of the X factor in Islamic revolution of Iran and thisfactor has been caused serial 40th memorandums at the beginning of theIslamic revolution in Iran. The method of this research is historical andthe method of gathering information is documentary- library method.
