Public policy
Amir mohammad Izadi; Hosein Harsij
Abstract
IntroductionPolitical corruption is one of the crucial concerns in today’s political landscape that has captured the attention of researchers. Political corruption refers to the breach of public norms by those in political power, either to further personal interests or to protect group interests. ...
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IntroductionPolitical corruption is one of the crucial concerns in today’s political landscape that has captured the attention of researchers. Political corruption refers to the breach of public norms by those in political power, either to further personal interests or to protect group interests. It entails the manipulation of political institutions and internal regulations, thereby impacting government bodies and the overall political system. Consequently, political corruption is often anticipated to result in institutional deterioration. However, since the 1980s, globalization has influenced the way through which categories of modern politics, including political corruption, are addressed. In the context of globalization, the examination of political corruption transcends the confines of the nation–state and should be viewed as a global concern.Literature ReviewA review of primary studies concerning the impact of globalization on political corruption reveals a spectrum of pessimistic and optimistic opinions among scholars. Optimists argue that globalization diminishes political corruption, while pessimists contend that it, in fact, increases political corruption. However, recent research indicates that the discrepancy between these viewpoints stems from their differing understandings of the relationship between globalization and political corruption. By adhering to a linear approach, both groups attempt to find the relationship between these variables, and consequently prescribe or discourage further engagement with globalization to exploit opportunities and avoid threats. To resolve this discrepancy, new studies, adopting a non-linear approach, posit that social and political globalization serves as a significant precursor to corruption. Economic globalization is perceived as both a prelude to and a consequence of varying levels of corruption.Materials and MethodsAs a quantitative research, the present study employed regression analysis as a highly practical quantitative method. Specifically, it utilized polynomial regression, which is supported by recent studies as well as by the secondary data sourced from the V-Dem Institute and the KOF Swiss Economic Institute.Results and Discussion According to the regression analysis, the normative nature of political corruption necessitates a redefinition of public and private interests at both the societal and governmental elite levels if the aim is to enhance the social dimension of globalization. The coefficient of the political dimension indicated that increased globalization can lead to a reduction in political corruption as global pressures compel the country to undertake structural and institutional reforms, including safeguarding property rights, enhancing transparency in decision-making processes, and improving the quality of public services. However, the results showed that there is no linear relationship between economic dimension of globalization and political corruption. Instead, the economic dimension influences the impact of other dimensions on political corruption in a non-linear, curved manner. As this dimension increases, political corruption decreases up to a certain point, but beyond that threshold, corruption levels begin to rise.One of the ideals and goals that emerged during the formation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran was the fight against the political corruption that had been rampant during the Pahlavi era, which required a revolutionary change as the only means to eliminate corruption. However, following the success of the Revolution, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran inherited a political, governance, and administrative system that later fell into the depths of various forms of corruption. The present research aimed to address a fundamental question: What is the impact of Iran’s engagement with globalization on the level of political corruption in the country? The necessity of conducting such studies arises from the importance of understanding the effect of globalization on various political issues with the ultimate aim of leveraging the benefits and avoiding the threats. Considering Iran’s economic structure, the system of international sanctions against Iran, and the normative nature of political corruption, it is expected that the various dimensions of globalization may have a detrimental impact on political corruption in Iran. Conclusion In conclusion, given the concurrent influence of different dimensions of globalization on political issues, policymakers are recommended to follow a non-linear approach to leverage the opportunities and avoid the threats of globalization.
Seyed Hamzeh Safavi; Mojtaba Norouzi
Abstract
With the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, then recruitment of Mujahedeen from all over the world, and ultimately formation of al-Qaeda; the world faced with a new phenomenon and that understanding the nature and origins of the group and became a serious priority. The purpose of this study is recognizing ...
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With the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, then recruitment of Mujahedeen from all over the world, and ultimately formation of al-Qaeda; the world faced with a new phenomenon and that understanding the nature and origins of the group and became a serious priority. The purpose of this study is recognizing the Identity transformation trend of a group called Arab-Afghans, and understanding the roots of the identity gap under the concepts of "self" and "other" as a model in formation of al-Qaeda and fundamentalist Islamic groups. It done by Focusing on the process of Arab-Afghan actions in three phases: local jihad, jihad on the margins of Islamic countries, and global jihad; As well as consideration of identity components in three ways: Goals, Common norms, and Equivalence-differences, It seems that Transition process in the sacred Jihad and al-Qaeda agenda are influenced by the transformation of identity and changing norms due to changing circumstances. This study seeks to answer the factors affecting the formation and transformation of Arab-Afghan identities; and assessing the hypothesis that Globalization, and the formation of the network society as an independent variable, and not paying attention to the beliefs of Muslim groups has led to the formation of Resistance Identity among Arab-Afghans.
Farshad Roomi; Ehsan Kazemi
Abstract
Mankind is facing one of the greatest events in contemporary history. The prevalence of corona disease has dramatic economic, political and social consequences and is changing the individual and collective culture and behavior of human beings. The research question is that “How the coronavirus ...
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Mankind is facing one of the greatest events in contemporary history. The prevalence of corona disease has dramatic economic, political and social consequences and is changing the individual and collective culture and behavior of human beings. The research question is that “How the coronavirus pandemic will impact on the domestic politics and international relations?” The authors believe that in the post-Corona period, we will see the rise of nationalism and the Strengthening the state role in governing the community and the transformation of public health into a matter of national security. In the foreign field, Governments will withdraw from the globalization process to save the lives of their citizens by restricting the free movement of people and goods and by tightening immigration policies and protecting borders. The research findings indicate that has changed the nature of threats in the 21st century and inequality in economic and social structures and a lack of health care can challenge the internal security of governments. Also, corona reminds us that global politics must be reformed, contrary to the principles of neoliberalism and minimal government.
mohsen Shafiee Seifabadi; ali bagheri dolatabadi
Abstract
The main question of the present article is "How has Covid-19 affected the globalization discourse in the current crisis? And what will be the scenarios facing Corona and the globalization discourse?" The results of a future research method show that the discourse of globalization is hurting by ...
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The main question of the present article is "How has Covid-19 affected the globalization discourse in the current crisis? And what will be the scenarios facing Corona and the globalization discourse?" The results of a future research method show that the discourse of globalization is hurting by the central sign of liberalism and by floating signs such as the free market and global trade before the Corona crisis. Corona's oversight has intensified, with states continuing to tighten their policies, such as blocking borders, controlling and restricting information and news, disregarding social justice and human rights, the spread of nationalism, authoritarianism and severe censorship. This practice gradually challenged the rest of the floating signs. Seems that there are five scenarios for the future of the globalization discourse, which are as follows: A) Favorable future: the return of globalization to the past and reunification between states. B) Probable future: 1. Reducing the speed of the globalization process and turning states to utilitarianism. 2. Reducing the speed of the globalization process, and temporarily shrink the international environment. C) Possible future: stopping the discourse of globalization, the failure of capitalist ideology and the emergence of new ideologies.
Ghasem Misaee; Heshmatollah Falahatpishe; Faez Dinparast
Volume 4, Issue 15 , March 2016, , Pages 37-68
Abstract
Present research is about examining the attitudes about globalization in the 3rd, 4th and 5th development programs. The main question of the research is: what is the relationship between globalization and development in Islamic Republic of Iran development programs? The mentioned question has been followed ...
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Present research is about examining the attitudes about globalization in the 3rd, 4th and 5th development programs. The main question of the research is: what is the relationship between globalization and development in Islamic Republic of Iran development programs? The mentioned question has been followed in the format of four sub-main questions: A) what is the attitude of the development programs toward globalization? ; B) How the different aspects of globalization have been issued in the development programs? C) What are the differences and similarities of development programs (from the point of view of globalization and development)? D) In what articles the negative aspects of globalization are being mentioned? The hypothesis is: “In development programs, the globalization has been considered both as an opportunity and threat, but the opportunities has been highlighted more that can be used for development of the country.” The methodology of the research is content analysis and the statistical society of research is the 3rd, 4th, and 5th development programs. The result of the research is developed according to the comparative study and acceptance of the hypothesis.
Sadegh Mohammadi; Mohammad Ali Basiri
Volume 4, Issue 14 , December 2015, , Pages 135-166
Abstract
Globalization as a process or a project brings inevitable effects in the international system. One of these effects of globalization will be globalized religion. What is the globalized religion? There are different opinions among experts in this field. There can be a core of consensus about this ...
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Globalization as a process or a project brings inevitable effects in the international system. One of these effects of globalization will be globalized religion. What is the globalized religion? There are different opinions among experts in this field. There can be a core of consensus about this globalized religion which is a package of shared principles and values in universal religion. In this religious context the religion that is more complete and more comprehensive would have a greater share and this religion is Islam. Submission theology believes the process of globalization provides a space for understanding the true principles of religious beliefs which can lead to human salvation in this world and the other. The main question of this paper is: what is the impact of globalization on submission theology? The main hypothesis of this paper is that globalization provides possibilities and influences for submission theology in the area of religion to form a single and unifying discourse. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between submission theology and religious pluralism for achieving a single and unifying discourse of comprehensive religion in the process of globalization. The research method will be analytical and descriptive using library tools.
Khalilallahe Sardarnia
Volume 2, Issue 4 , April 2013, , Pages 57-76
Abstract
Globalization is a phenomenon that can be viewed from two different angles or be regarded as a natural and objective processes. New changes and discoveries is related to the field of economic and information and communications technologies. Or in the opposite direction, it regards as projects- that is ...
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Globalization is a phenomenon that can be viewed from two different angles or be regarded as a natural and objective processes. New changes and discoveries is related to the field of economic and information and communications technologies. Or in the opposite direction, it regards as projects- that is called As "globalization rather than be global"for Expansion of dominance and economy needs of neoliberal capitalist in west.In recent decades, Islamist parties deal with all internal and external constraints to the process of globalization and its projects . In this article, the author seeks to address two important objectives: The rise of political Islam in the base ofresistance to the dominated system and globalization are verified and updated .Through this way, Defensive attitude in Islamic world and its falsehood is revealed and determined. Islam is not violent. So, Strategies for the formation of the movement is offered in the Middle East and North Africa to promote the identity of Islamic world from the resistive level to Democratic government and to reject dominated system in trans-region
