Faeghe Chalabi; Rajab Izadi; kamaladin Herisinejad
Abstract
Political parties in democratic systems are considered as intermediate institutions of democratic regimes by organizing political power, mobilizing popular forces and regulating the relating power. Political parties plays an important role in regulating the reciprocal relations of the ruling powers; ...
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Political parties in democratic systems are considered as intermediate institutions of democratic regimes by organizing political power, mobilizing popular forces and regulating the relating power. Political parties plays an important role in regulating the reciprocal relations of the ruling powers; the influence of parties in the interactions of the legislative and executive power has created a dramatic changes in the division of the classical powers of contemporary states. On the other hand, political circles sometimes talk about changing the political system of Iran to the parliamentary system or the legislature’s transforming into two parliamentary chambers; on the other hand, the interrelationships between the legislative and executive bodies are faced with deadlocks. One of the requirements for solving such challenges is the existence of parties in the political system; Therefore, this article examines the function of parties in regulating the relations of powers in the United Kingdom, United States and Iran as a parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential systems, seeks to identify the disadvantages and advantages of party systems in countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States as party success styles and to explain the challenges of interfering in the interactions of the Iranian state by eliminating the existing shortcomings.
seyedreza mousavinia
Abstract
The decision making trend in foreign policy answers how and why a decision is made. Drawing this trend requires the use of an appropriate research method to explain available information and interpret the roles. Despite the limited access to some information on the achievement (Comprehensive Joint Plan ...
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The decision making trend in foreign policy answers how and why a decision is made. Drawing this trend requires the use of an appropriate research method to explain available information and interpret the roles. Despite the limited access to some information on the achievement (Comprehensive Joint Plan of action between Iran with Six World Power), how can we draw the trend of Iran's foreign policy decision-making in this historical event? (Research question and question) This paper aims to introduce the method for the initial drawing of Iran's foreign policy decision making trend by introducing the position of quantitative and qualitative combination of methodology and showing its function and its research merits (research method). The structure of eclectic method in the first phase explains the factors affecting admittance and, in the second stage, provides an understanding of the perception of senior foreign policy decision makers. (The research hypothesis) The author believes that the process of identifying the factors influencing decision making and the way in which those factors are interpreted in the cognitive system of foreign policy decision makers, is the most appropriate method for initiating research on Iran's foreign policy decision making trend. (Results)
Abstract
Historical facts show that national identity is a constant process and should be noted here that when a nation is formed, it does not continue by itself and the notion that it does not require any effort is wrong. On the contrary, the nation are exposed to ups and downs. Thus, discourse-based products ...
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Historical facts show that national identity is a constant process and should be noted here that when a nation is formed, it does not continue by itself and the notion that it does not require any effort is wrong. On the contrary, the nation are exposed to ups and downs. Thus, discourse-based products of a country's currents can affect nation-building processes. Identity as social foundations emerge in the process of social foundationalism with reliance on collective memory and all epistemological sources, taking into account that social objective structure redefines and re-interprets with the passage of time. They are constantly used for reinterpretation in light of different methods used to explain the concept.
The leftist flow or what the researcher names it socialism Marxism, is selected as one of the influential flows in contemporary Iranian history for the following research. This paper, while comprehending the evolution of national identity in the course of history, has come to a pattern of identity discourse in the mentioned flow.
لابال البب; Farshad Roomi; ehsan kazemi
Abstract
Purpose of the present study is to provide a theoretical framework for understanding foreign policy of countries (the case of Iran). The method by which the authors seek to understand and shape the foreign policy of countries is a "phenomenological method". Question of this Research is that based on ...
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Purpose of the present study is to provide a theoretical framework for understanding foreign policy of countries (the case of Iran). The method by which the authors seek to understand and shape the foreign policy of countries is a "phenomenological method". Question of this Research is that based on the phenomenological approach how can the logic of foreign policy of governments be understood and how is it formed? Hypothesis of the research is that based on the idea that "phenomenology with the suspension and epoche of dominant narratives and Imbued with the "intentionality" of foreign policy, it can help us understand our foreign policy, in other words, the phenomenology passes through scientific concepts developed to understand political phenomena and faces with "reality" and " Being " itself. The result is that the phenomenological method, in addition to the benefits of other common approaches and methodologies, to the understanding of foreign policy can offer different analytical concepts such as "transcendental ego", "Green World" and "Intersubjectivity". Along with these concepts, phenomenology is not unaware of the important element of "power" and its role in determining how foreign policy is shaped by the government.
mitra Rah nejat; hassan kabiri
Abstract
Azerbaijan, one of south Caucasus countries, is very important for Iran because of its geopolitics and geo-economics’ features. In spite of existence convergence background between both countries, we witness divergence between them. Main question: During 2000-2016 which factors impact on divergence ...
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Azerbaijan, one of south Caucasus countries, is very important for Iran because of its geopolitics and geo-economics’ features. In spite of existence convergence background between both countries, we witness divergence between them. Main question: During 2000-2016 which factors impact on divergence between Iran and Azerbaijan? Main Hypothesis: It seems economy-security-military factors are main factors that impact on divergence between two countries that regional and Trans-regional actors use them as influence tools for restriction of Iran’s influence scope in the region and threat of Iran. This article use analytical – description methods base on new data so that propose opportunities for foreign policy of Iran.
Yousof Qorashi; Hadi Sadeghi Aval
Abstract
This article examines different aspects of Pakistani Baloch nationalism and its impact on Iranian Baloch who inhabit in Sistan-Balochistan province. The importance of this issue in one hand, is based on deeply ideological, religious, ethnic and sometimes security developments in Iran's border areas, ...
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This article examines different aspects of Pakistani Baloch nationalism and its impact on Iranian Baloch who inhabit in Sistan-Balochistan province. The importance of this issue in one hand, is based on deeply ideological, religious, ethnic and sometimes security developments in Iran's border areas, and on the other hand, in the east and southeast Iran, there is a country, that is Pakistan, in which fundamental, anti-Shia, ethnic, and ideological groups have existed. In the article, based on Emile Durkheim’s concept of mechanical solidarity, we intend to analyze the historical and social formation of Baloch in Pakistan and its impact on ethnic fragmentation in the eastern borders of Iran. The findings reveal that based on Durkheim's concept of mechanical solidarity, Pakistani Baloch has inspired Iranian Baloch ethnically and ideologically, and despite their varieties in terms of practical mechanism, Pakistani Baloch generally desire the formation of the Great Balochistan. Base on the aspiration, some groups are branched Baloch are inclined to military modus operandi so that they can the eastern areas of Shiite Iran and attract Baloch who live in Sistan-Baluchistan province. Based on this aspiration, some branches of the Baloch tribal elite even went to the military direction, while insecuring the Eastern regions of Iran, attract Baluchis living in Sistan and Baluchistan province.
mostafa rashidi; Fathali khanmohammadpour; Bahador Zarei
Abstract
Government relations in past centuries was based more on hard power. Today, culture and soft power as an important indicator in development of relations between states plays a role. Governments are seeking to use the various tools in the new age, a new and useful contact for efficient diplomacy. Today, ...
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Government relations in past centuries was based more on hard power. Today, culture and soft power as an important indicator in development of relations between states plays a role. Governments are seeking to use the various tools in the new age, a new and useful contact for efficient diplomacy. Today, a country has a good diplomacy that, by expanding its tools of engagement with other actors, may achieve an appropriate identity with other states. One of the new aspects of diplomacy, is taking advantage of the university diplomacy, so-called "diplomacy of Higher Education", which is considered by the authors of this study. So in this article we have tried to approach based on constructivism and according to the principles of recognition and engagement and its impact on redefining the identity and interests of the actors in relation to each other, the role of higher education on political relations between Iran and Europe Union is to be addressed. The basic research questions are: what impacts can University Relations and Diplomacy have on political relations between Iran and Europe Union? This article is written in a descriptive analytical way.
Abstract
The subject of this paper is to assess the status of political knowledge in Iran from the perspective of the scholars of this field. Due to The long history of political science in Iran and, however considering the doctrine of the evolution of the humanities and social sciences by the Iranian government, ...
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The subject of this paper is to assess the status of political knowledge in Iran from the perspective of the scholars of this field. Due to The long history of political science in Iran and, however considering the doctrine of the evolution of the humanities and social sciences by the Iranian government, the critical recognition of the existing situation of this branch of knowledge is necessary. The population of this research, which has been carried out with the aim of providing a comprehensive picture of the views of existing scholars, is the articles and scientific works of the scholars of the field of political science published between 2009 and 2015. The research findings, which have been conducted using the N-vivo 10 qualitative analysis software, indicate that the scholars of this field generally assess the field weak. Along with some of the strengths mentioned above for existing knowledge, the weaknesses mentioned for political knowledge can be categorized at the three levels by the continuum of the macro-political-social system, the level of science, and the level of the scientific community.
mohammadjavad fathi; mojtaba abdekhodaei; sarem shiravand
Abstract
Sometimes using the concepts of science could be helpful in understanding political relations and international researchers. One of the conceptual interest in the geopolitical system is used, is the concept of "code" and "genome" in geopolitics. Geopolitical genome, the genetic map of each country's ...
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Sometimes using the concepts of science could be helpful in understanding political relations and international researchers. One of the conceptual interest in the geopolitical system is used, is the concept of "code" and "genome" in geopolitics. Geopolitical genome, the genetic map of each country's that affects domestic and especially foreign policy of the countries. Countries consider genomes of other actors as geopolitical codes. Interaction or confrontation of Code / genome of countries creates an atmosphere that can be aligned or inconsistent with national and regional interests. The authors of this paper attempt to identify factors affecting geopolitics of Iran and Saudi Arabia. To answer the question of "what impacts geopolitical tool in foreign policy with Iran and Saudi Arabia? The hypothesis of the paper is that the geopolitical genome and the heritability and geographic features of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran are very influential in the formation of geopolitical codes, orientations and strategies of the two countries in the external arena, and both actors are trying to turn off its negative gene and power generating forces and activating the positive and powerful genes, while the geopolitical approach dominates the relationship between the two actors.
Abstract
Transition in the international system is a prevalent and inevitable process and theories of international relations really pay attention to this. But development of international system and emergence of complex and chaotic system make a change in power transition model and this change requires a new ...
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Transition in the international system is a prevalent and inevitable process and theories of international relations really pay attention to this. But development of international system and emergence of complex and chaotic system make a change in power transition model and this change requires a new explanation. On the other way Iran is among the countries that because of centrality in some regional orders and its internal dynamics is directly affected to these transition models. Therefore this article focuses on these questions that how transition in the complex and chaotic international system is explained and what are threats of Iran in new power transition model and how transition control model is applied by it? In respond to these questions the author believes that transition is directly linked to features of complexity as include bifurcation of order.in this respect author recognizes bifurcated transition as main feature of transition in these systems and suggests bifurcated transition model as new concept to international relations literature. Research method in this article is focused on critical realism and deduction and abduction and based on this, firstly the rules and algorithms of complex and chaotic systems will be characterized and then these rules are combined in new model as bifurcated transition model.
mohsen bayat; ebrahim taheri; mehdi zolfaghari
Abstract
Why Iran has a different security policy in Syria and Iraq? Many explanations have been raised within the framework of materialist notions. The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative explanation with a critical approach. We used the qualitative method of documentary analysis that includes, ...
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Why Iran has a different security policy in Syria and Iraq? Many explanations have been raised within the framework of materialist notions. The purpose of this paper is to provide an alternative explanation with a critical approach. We used the qualitative method of documentary analysis that includes, aside from the accurate presentation of question, hypothesis, and purpose of research, several stages; providing an interactive dialectical framework with the aim of conducting research, determining and select resources that have authenticity, credibility, representativeness and meaning and also content sampling from resources. This explanation is based on the hypothesis that the Islamic identity of Iran is the most important factor in shaping Iran's security policy. This alternative explanation is not only explaining Iran’s military and security role in the region’s countries but also justifies and legitimizes it. Islamic identity is the most basic cause of Iran's security policy in these countries. The increasing instability in the region and the power vacuum as a mediator variable only have provided opportunity for tangible influence of Islamic identity on Iran security policy.
hadi azami; mohsen soltani
Abstract
Dependence of countries to each other has lots of effects in the Geopolitical weight and type of behavior. Relations between Iran and Azerbaijan, from the beginning of 1990, when the country gained its independence, faced with challenges. The Nakhichevan as part of the Azerbaijan Separated by Zangezurmargi ...
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Dependence of countries to each other has lots of effects in the Geopolitical weight and type of behavior. Relations between Iran and Azerbaijan, from the beginning of 1990, when the country gained its independence, faced with challenges. The Nakhichevan as part of the Azerbaijan Separated by Zangezurmargi corridor from motherland. After the Nagorno-Karabakh War, Iran has been the only way between Nakhichevan and Republic of Azerbaijan. Due to the many challenges and security relations between the governments of Azerbaijan and Iran over the years and also due to the lack of geographical continuity of the country with its exclave unit (Nakhichevan) that it is the biggest strategic problems of Nakhichevan, Which it can be used for dependence of Nakhichevan to Iran and changing the level of relations between two countries. The method research of this paper is descriptive-analytic and collecting data for this paper is based on using library resources and questionnaire for surveying and prioritizing of various variables in Political-security fields for increasing dependency of Nakhichevan to Iran. According to the results and the experts' views, Development of regional cooperation between border regions in northwestern of Iran, Nakhichevan,Trying to reduce the influence of regional power such as Turkey in Azerbaijan (Nakhichevan),Using of the same religion as a political factor for increasing level of relation, have been the most effective factors for increasing Nakhichevan's dependence on Iran in the political-security dimension.
jalil bayat; Mohsen Eslami
Abstract
On the 17th December 2014, the resumption of relations between US and Cuba became the most important political news during the past few decades in the world. Yet, some analysts say the detente model of US and Cuba is applicable to Iran-US relations. Similarities between Iran and Cuba such as the revolutionary ...
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On the 17th December 2014, the resumption of relations between US and Cuba became the most important political news during the past few decades in the world. Yet, some analysts say the detente model of US and Cuba is applicable to Iran-US relations. Similarities between Iran and Cuba such as the revolutionary governments, Anti-Americanism, being sanctioned by the US and many other similarities reinforces this proposition. Therefore, the present study has examined this possibility with the following question: Is it possible to use the détente model US - Cuba on US-Iran relations? It was found that due to some differences between Iran and Cuba at the systemic level, including the different regional pressures and at the unit level, such as different positions of the two countries in the international system, different perceptions of America among the leaders of the two countries, different relationship of the communities of the two countries with that’s of the US make is impossible to compare. Hence, it is not applicable to use Cuba-US detente model to Iran-US relations. The approach of this study is descriptive-analytical, the method is comparative and Data are collected through the library-based research method.
Abstract
Recent developments in Arabic and Middle Eastern countries, particularly Iraq and Syria have caused a sensitive and critical status in this area. U.S global hegemony continued to provoke terrorism and other terrorist outfits. Meanwhile the rise of new emergency terrorist group such as ISIS have destabilized ...
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Recent developments in Arabic and Middle Eastern countries, particularly Iraq and Syria have caused a sensitive and critical status in this area. U.S global hegemony continued to provoke terrorism and other terrorist outfits. Meanwhile the rise of new emergency terrorist group such as ISIS have destabilized the Middle East and entrenched the region as the major source of global terror. Even the more stable states, such as Turkey and Saudi Arabia, display strong terrorist tendencies and support radical groups that engage in terrorism. Therefore, several major developments in the Middle East will keep the region a wellspring of terror and a source of inspiration for radicals for the foreseeable future. According this article terrorism tries to weak the regional power of Iran since our analysis has shown that Iran is the only country in the region that fights really against the terrorism. This article by using descriptive & analytical methods which based on theoretical teachings of international relations studies will show that terrorism and terrorist groups are the serious threats for national interesting of Islamic republic of Iran, by arguing that some of the stable countries in the region in all its manifestations breed terrorism.
Abstract
The strategic alliance between Iran and Syria is considered as one of the longstanding regional alliances. However a very important point in the strategic relationship between the two countries is the tendency of Iran toward deepening its strategic relationship with Syria from 2003 to 2011; which started ...
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The strategic alliance between Iran and Syria is considered as one of the longstanding regional alliances. However a very important point in the strategic relationship between the two countries is the tendency of Iran toward deepening its strategic relationship with Syria from 2003 to 2011; which started from U.S. invasion of Iraq until the outbreak of uprising in Syria in March 2011. This paper tries to answer this question: By comparison to 1979- 2003 period, why Iran was more determined to deepen its strategic ties to Syria from 2003 to 2011? Findings show that, systemic pressures including U.S unilateralism in the international system, occupation of Iraq by the U.S. in 2003 and Iran's nuclear issue have been essential variables in pushing Iran toward expansion of strategic ties with Syria from 2003 to 2011. However, these pressures and threats are interpreted through unit-level variables, especially the perceptions of elites from the international system in this period. The research methodology is descriptive-analytic based on qualitative method.
Hamid reza Mohammadi; ebrahim Ahmadi
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the reality of geopolitical relations Iran and Pakistan. This article attempts to answer the question that is obstacles fundamental to convergence of geopolitical relations of Ira On what is basis? How can the two countries, to minimize tensions between, Convergence ...
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The purpose of this article is to examine the reality of geopolitical relations Iran and Pakistan. This article attempts to answer the question that is obstacles fundamental to convergence of geopolitical relations of Ira On what is basis? How can the two countries, to minimize tensions between, Convergence relations have experience? The above article the factors affecting in geopolitical relations Iran and Pakistan is divided into two main levels and supplement and in the end Based on a combination of the two levels; the need for détente with Saudi Arabia, Help solve the political crisis in Afghanistan, Iran's role in the convergence of India and Pakistan on the basis of mutual dependencies, Deepening trade and economic relations between the two countries and participate actively in regional and global groupings is The proposed solutions two countries have to convergence achieve. The above study is descriptive-analytic and information you need, based on library method and Collected to Referring trusted sources.
Yaser Esmaeilzadeh Emamgholi; Hassanali Ahmadi Fesharaki
Abstract
The new generation of studies on security is an outcome of the transition from
the Cold War that has turned the traditional concepts and definitions of security
to something new that includes diverse aspects such as political, economic,
social, and environmental matters. This study attempts to discuss ...
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The new generation of studies on security is an outcome of the transition from
the Cold War that has turned the traditional concepts and definitions of security
to something new that includes diverse aspects such as political, economic,
social, and environmental matters. This study attempts to discuss and analyze
one of the most dangerous and complicated threats of the world security and an
effective variable on the Islamic Republic of Iran`s security, namely ISIS. In fact,
the study is carried out to answer this fundamental question, “How can Iran`s
security be effected by ISIS as a threat?”. The qualitative analysis of available
data reveals that ISIS presence and influence in the region in terms of security to
act as a double-edged sword for Iran's security. Ignorance about each edge of
the abovementioned blade can result in the flawed analysis of ISIS impacts on
Iran's security. This article is an applied research with qualitative research
method in which an attempt is made to measure the impact of the independent
variable of "ISIS" on "Iran's security".
Peyman Zanganeh; Somaye Hamidi
Abstract
Yemen crisis is one of the challenging issues in the Middle East which has been
determined, so far, by regional and global powers. As two regional powers, Iran
and Saudi Arabia are among the countries which has demonstrated opposite
behaviors in this issue. Different approaches in decision making ...
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Yemen crisis is one of the challenging issues in the Middle East which has been
determined, so far, by regional and global powers. As two regional powers, Iran
and Saudi Arabia are among the countries which has demonstrated opposite
behaviors in this issue. Different approaches in decision making in these two
countries has caused them to adopt a contrastive foreign policy toward their
areas as a result of different subjective and objective interpretations. The
current crisis in Yemen is among challenging domains between Iran and Saudi
Arabia. Here, the controversy between the two concepts of Shiite's Islam and
Wahhabi's islam have dragged the two countries' relations towards a regional
cold war. Therefore, the present study aims at analyzing and revising the
contrast between Iran and Saudi Arabia in Yemen's current crisis.
Fariborz Arghavani Pirsalami; Morteza Esmaeili; Aboza Behzadi Aghaee
Volume 4, Issue 15 , March 2016, , Pages 95-124
Abstract
Practical and theoretical developments in international politics and the following changes in foreign policy of countries have attracted the cross-regional powers. This paper concentrates on Latin America, raising a question about similarities and differences between the Chines and Iranian approaches ...
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Practical and theoretical developments in international politics and the following changes in foreign policy of countries have attracted the cross-regional powers. This paper concentrates on Latin America, raising a question about similarities and differences between the Chines and Iranian approaches toward this region which traditionally considered US backyard. By comparing the two approaches, results show that although Tehran and Beijing criticize the ongoing international discipline, China focuses on the economic aspects in her relations toward Latin area, but Iran prioritize political-security attitude in this matter. Assessment of capacities and attractions of Latin America and US tendency to the region and the process of deepening relations of the two countries with this region in terms of Ahmadinejad and Hu are parts of this paper which confirms the main idea.
Heshmatollah Falahat Pishe; Vahid Sharbati; Mohammad Mehdi Mozafari
Volume 4, Issue 12 , July 2015, , Pages 37-60
Abstract
With power succession of “ justice and development” party in Turkey in
2002 the foreign policy of this country in regional and far regional relations has
seriously changed. Before 2000 Turkeys foreign policy was far westernized and
the government policy-making was west, specially US, oriented. ...
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With power succession of “ justice and development” party in Turkey in
2002 the foreign policy of this country in regional and far regional relations has
seriously changed. Before 2000 Turkeys foreign policy was far westernized and
the government policy-making was west, specially US, oriented. But with rise of
justice and development government in Turkey, the country’s foreign policy
changed to a multidimensional pragmatic interest-based policy .one aspect of
this policy modified foreign policy toward collaboration with neighbors in order
to enhance Turkey’s role in the region including south Caucasus. This study
tries to evaluate Turkey foreign policy in Caucasus and its conflicting interests
with the two powerful countries of area – Iran and Russia. The main question of
this study is concentrated on the Turkey’s Caucasian Policy and its affects on
interests of Iran and Russia. The hypothesis of the paper is that new Turkey’s
foreign policy in the region brought contradiction between the country and two
abovementioned powerful neighbors.
Afshin Mottaghi
Volume 4, Issue 12 , July 2015, , Pages 141-161
Abstract
Regarding the geopolitical position and geographical features, Iran and Saudi Arabia can be considered as two important states in the region. From the early 1950s, the two started rivalries in the Persian Gulf region. Tension and conflict between the two countries rose, in the second Phalavi era, and ...
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Regarding the geopolitical position and geographical features, Iran and Saudi Arabia can be considered as two important states in the region. From the early 1950s, the two started rivalries in the Persian Gulf region. Tension and conflict between the two countries rose, in the second Phalavi era, and because of the symmetry of the sphere of influence of the two, continuous level of tension between Iran and Saudi Arabia have been experienced. This rivalry, along with a number of material and ideological factors strained relations between Tehran and Riyadh. Iran, especially after the Islamic Revolution has influence among Muslim countries in the region, and the Shiite ideological orientation challenged Saudi Wahhabi ideology. Furthermore, ethnic ties and geopolitical competition in the region, with regard to the power and hegemonic matters, has increased tension between the two countries. This study, with analytical methodology is orchestrated according to the theory of Constructivism and attempts to examine the main causes of conflict in relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia. Results shows that the absence of common three concepts of "normativity", "images" and "identity" between Iran and Saudi Arabia, in addition to geopolitical-based competitions are a significant causes of tention in relations between Tehran and Riyadh.
Ali Reza Kooh kan; Saei Tajari
Volume 3, Issue 10 , February 2015, , Pages 113-128
Abstract
Abstract With the onset of the political crisis in Syria, regional and trans-regional actors began to adopt different stances according to their interests in relation to this country which has a special geopolitical and geostrategic importance in the Middle East. Meanwhile, continuous efforts ...
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Abstract With the onset of the political crisis in Syria, regional and trans-regional actors began to adopt different stances according to their interests in relation to this country which has a special geopolitical and geostrategic importance in the Middle East. Meanwhile, continuous efforts of some governments to put pressure on and overthrow the Assad regime are one of the obvious factors in Syrian dilemma which have added to the complexity of the situation in this country. In order to contain Iran as part of its foreign policy strategy, Saudi Arabia as a regional actor has played a significant role in the changes in Syria. Saudi Arabia has initiated extensive measures, from financial and spiritual support of al-Qaeda militants to active participation in the Western-Arab axis, in order to persuade other countries to support the Syrian opposition and launched ceaseless efforts to attack this country. This article studies the foreign policy of Saudi Arabia and the interests and efforts of this country in the internal changes of Syria. The results of this analysis show that Saudi Arabia has entered the Syrian crisis with the aim of improving its own regional position and, in this regard, has adopted policies that will cause damage to the long-term interests of this country.
Gholam Ali Chegani Zadeh
Volume 2, Issue 7 , December 2014, , Pages 69-92
Abstract
Transition Period is a key subject in the discipline of International relations andpolitics. At the present time, there is a consensus among academic forums about thefact that the existing order is experiencing new changes. Critics have tried tounderstand these changes and their impacts on general trends. ...
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Transition Period is a key subject in the discipline of International relations andpolitics. At the present time, there is a consensus among academic forums about thefact that the existing order is experiencing new changes. Critics have tried tounderstand these changes and their impacts on general trends. Along with othertransformational tendencies, the experience of the Islamic Revolution as atransformational movement advanced change in the geometry of internationalpower from the beginning. The main question of this article is that are there anyphilosophical and theoretical bases for change in the international social order inIslamic Revolution and the Iran’s contexts? As a result, the main goal of this articleis to explore the philosophical foundations of change desire in the Iranian cultureand to build a link between these foundations and new imperatives for acting in linewith changing the geometry of international power. This hypothesis assumes theexistence of rich intellectual and philosophical layers in the Islamic Republic andIran driving at active participation in the process of changing the geometry ofinternational power. In answering the question regarding existing philosophicalpotentialities in Iranian and Islamic cultures in the process of changing thegeometry of international power, this article relying upon the rational approach,explains resources contributing change in the existing geometry of internationalpower in the context of Iranian cultural life. For this reason, this article claims thatthe notion of demanding change in various orders (general and particular) lies inthe essence of the Islamic Revolution and is the product of Iranian culture andhistory. Another point is that demanding change paradoxically involves therecognition existing ethnicities. This can also be interpreted as a kind of invitation.This invitation includes both will to change and will to conform.
Hassan Danaee fard; Ali Reza Hassan zadeh; Somayeh Nasrollahi
Volume 3, Issue 8 , December 2014, , Pages 101-118
Abstract
SurveyoftheKeyMethodsofImprovingPublicTrusttoGovernment Hasan Danaee Fard* - Ali Reza Hasanzadeh** - Somayeh Nasroallahi*** (Received: 2014/April/17 – Accept: 2014/Octobr/27) Abstract Public Trust is considered as a strategic capital of any political system. Accordingly, ...
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SurveyoftheKeyMethodsofImprovingPublicTrusttoGovernment Hasan Danaee Fard* - Ali Reza Hasanzadeh** - Somayeh Nasroallahi*** (Received: 2014/April/17 – Accept: 2014/Octobr/27) Abstract Public Trust is considered as a strategic capital of any political system. Accordingly, one of the main challenges facing governments is “public Trust management”. The governments should use mechanisms to achieve this objective. The final goal of this research is to suggest mechanisms for public Trust promoting to the Iranian government. It is provided in mix method. In the first stage, the mechanisms are provided through reviewing and a scale is developed along taken mechanisms and in the second stage, such scale is justified by public. Finally, 38 determined mechanisms are classified in 5 categories. The main ones are: social equity in using public service, making political and economic peace, and existence of efficient judicial institution. It is also analyzed the gap between the current and desired situation using the mechanisms in which there is significant difference between them in all identified mechanisms. *Associate Professor of Public Administration, Tarbiat Modarres University h.danaefard@modares.ac.ir **Associate Professor of Information Technology Management, Tarbiat Modarres University .ar_hassanzadeh@modares.ac.ir ***Master of Public Administration, Tarbiat Modarres University som.nasrollahi@gmail.com (corresponding author)
Hamid Nassaj
Volume 2, Issue 5 , June 2013, , Pages 101-130
Abstract
.In the early decades of the twentieth century, semi-modern states emerged in Iranand Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who managed to establish Turkey on theremains of the Ottoman Empire, tried hard to modernize turkey with Anti-religiousapproach. In Reza Khan successfully toppled the rotten Qajar Dynasty ...
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.In the early decades of the twentieth century, semi-modern states emerged in Iranand Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who managed to establish Turkey on theremains of the Ottoman Empire, tried hard to modernize turkey with Anti-religiousapproach. In Reza Khan successfully toppled the rotten Qajar Dynasty and took holdof the throne, Likewise, he believed in modernization through the process ofwesternization.Foreign relations between two countries, and especially Reza Shah`s historicvisit to Turkey, Strengthened the theoretical bond of the two rulers.when Rezashah returned, he became more determined in his Westernizationpolicy and particularly unveiling women.Despite similar theoretical approaches and the influence of Turkey on Iran,Comparing the westernization of Ataturk and that of Reza Shah reveals manydifferences in their magnitude and range. Ataturk omitted religious ranking,religious schools Sharia courts, and monasteries. He prohibited any religious signsand established European anti-Islamic civil law; he promulgated the payer, Quran,and Azan to be done in Turkish, and made a weakened change from Friday toSunday; none were done by Reza Shah. The resistance in the two countries wasdifferent too. There was no social mobilization in Turkey and the resistance wasregional and temporary. The question of this paper is which factors,despite similartheoretical approach, caused. the different achievements of Reza Shah and Ataturk.The main factor that can explain these differences (differences in the magnitude andthe type of resistance) is "religion and the organization of clergies. Moreover, thelack of deep thought tradition in turkey, turkey’s neighborhood with west, strongbureaucracy remained from Ottoman Empire and finally territorial threats by Greeksare other influential elements
